Automotive Ethernet for IoT peripheral devices

Automotive Ethernet networking of the future

For next-generation in-vehicle networking, the automotive industry identified Ethernet alongside CAN and FlexRay as promising candidates. Ethernet is an IEEE standard and is widely used in consumer and industrial sectors. It will introduce a number of changes to the design and management of in-vehicle networks, and will allow significant reuse of components, software and tools. Ethernet is intended for connection within the vehicle with high-speed communications that require subsystems such as ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistant Systems), navigation and positioning systems, multimedia and connectivity systems. For Hybrid Vehicles (HEVs) or Electric Vehicles (EVs), Ethernet will be a powerful part of the communication architecture layer that enables the connection between vehicle electronics and the Internet, with the vehicle being part of a typical Internet of Things (IoT) application. By using Ethernet for vehicle connectivity, the large amount of data to be transferred between the outside world and the vehicle via Vehicle-to-X communication systems (V2V and V2I or V2I + I) and cloud-based services for advanced energy management solutions becomes effective managed.

Why is 100Base-T1 needed for IoT in the vehicle?

Ethernet is a technology that enables the introduction of advanced features in the automotive industry and requires further optimization in terms of scalability, cost, performance and electrical robustness in order to be adopted and widely adopted by the industry. Automotive Ethernet can connect the vehicle's internal digital subsystems, including any IoT devices used for monitoring and component control. The internal high-speed network enables the vehicle to reduce the internal latency to values ​​below 1 ms and to connect the car to other vehicles and the infrastructure. Due to the high speed of 100 Mbits / s and the very low latency, Automotive Ethernet is the perfect solution for integrating IoT devices into the vehicle network architecture.

Advances in automotive Ethernet technology

A large number of companies from across the industry have been working on the industrialization of Automotive Ethernet since 2011 in a number of organizations such as the OPEN Alliance, the Avnu Alliance, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The first Ethernet technology specially developed for automotive, which allows the transmission of 100 Mbit / s via unshielded cables in the vehicle - now called 100BASE-T1 and published in 2015 as IEEE 802.3bw - was introduced in series vehicles in 2013. All major automobile manufacturers will be using 100BASE-T1 as standard in their vehicles by the end of 2021. The 1 Gbit / s technologies 1000BASE-T1 / IEEE 802.3bp and 1000BASE-RH / IEEE 802.3bv of the next generation have been in series use by the first automobile manufacturers since 2019.

Problems with the quick integration

Automotive Ethernet developers face a new challenge year after year. The Ethernet specifications are so fast-moving that when the first production vehicle rolls off the assembly line, the standard is already out of date. New Ethernet physical layer technologies are coming to market faster than developers can understand, industrialize and qualify them for use in millions of passenger vehicles. Newly adopted standards support data rates of 10 Mbit / s and 2.5 / 5/10 Gbit / s (IEEE 802.3cg and IEEE 802.3ch). And in anticipation of fully autonomous vehicles, projects are already underway within the IEEE to standardize data rates of over 10 Gbit / s up to 100 Gbit / s (IEEE P802.3cy and IEEE P802.3cz). However, there are specially developed buses for numerous applications in automobiles, such as the A2B bus, which can overcome this problem. In 2020 in particular, the rapid introduction of the current version of the Automotive Ethernet is necessary due to considerable development progress with regard to the enormous bandwidths of 5G IoT devices.

NameChannelDefaultFirst Application (SOP)Technology used by vehicle manufacturers in series production
BroadR-Reach / 100Base-T1UTSPCompleted 20092013~18
100Base-T1wrapped UTSP or stspCompleted 20162019~2
100Base-RHPOFCompleted 20172019~1
100Base-T1SUTSPCompleted 201920240
2.5, 5, 10GBase-T1STSPCompleted in 202020250
25, 50, 100 Gb/sundefinedStarted development in 2020undefined0
2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50 Gb/s POFundefinedDevelopment started in 2020undefined0
100BASET1 Automotive Ethernet Protokoll analysator 100BASE-T1 Automotive Ethernet Protocol Analyzer
100BASE-T1 Automotive Ethernet Protocol Analyzer
PGY-100BASE-T1-PA
100BASE-T1 Automotive Ethernet Protocol Analyzer with long capture sequence and API support and multiple levels of triggers.

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